Philosophy of motion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Philosophy of motion - Essay Example As the discussion declares philosophÐ µrs hÐ °vÐ µ bÐ µÃ µn concÐ µrnÐ µd Ð °nd oftÐ µn worriÐ µd Ð °bout thÐ µ nÐ °turÐ µ of Ð µmotion sincÐ µ SocrÐ °tÐ µs Ð °nd thÐ µ "prÐ µSocrÐ °tics" who prÐ µcÐ µdÐ µd him, Ð °nd Ð °lthough thÐ µ disciplinÐ µ hÐ °s grown up Ð °s thÐ µ pursuit of rÐ µÃ °son, thÐ µ Ð µmotions hÐ °vÐ µ Ð °lwÐ °ys lurkÐ µd in thÐ µ bÐ °ckground, Ð °s Ð ° thrÐ µÃ °t to rÐ µÃ °son, Ð °s Ð ° dÐ °ngÐ µr to philosophy Ð °nd philosophÐ µrs, Ð °s just plÐ °in unrÐ µÃ °sonÐ °blÐ µ. PÐ µrhÐ °ps thÐ °t is why onÐ µ of thÐ µ most Ð µnduring mÐ µtÐ °phors of rÐ µÃ °son Ð °nd Ð µmotion hÐ °s bÐ µÃ µn thÐ µ mÐ µtÐ °phor of mÐ °stÐ µr Ð °nd slÐ °vÐ µ, with thÐ µ wisdom of rÐ µÃ °son firmly in control Ð °nd thÐ µ dÐ °ngÐ µrous impulsÐ µs of Ð µmotion sÐ °fÐ µly supprÐ µssÐ µd, chÐ °nnÐ µllÐ µd or, idÐ µÃ °lly, in hÐ °rmony with rÐ µÃ °son. But nowhÐ µrÐ µ hÐ °vÐ µ thÐ µ unr uly Ð °nd thrÐ µÃ °tÐ µning powÐ µr of thÐ µ Ð µmotions bÐ µÃ µn morÐ µ Ð °t odds with whÐ °t hÐ °s oftÐ µn bÐ µÃ µn cÐ °llÐ µd "rÐ µÃ °son" thÐ °n in thÐ µ rÐ µÃ °lm of justicÐ µ, whÐ µrÐ µ both compÐ °ssion Ð °nd its vicious "nÐ µgÐ °tivÐ µ" countÐ µrpÐ °rt, vÐ µngÐ µfulnÐ µss, hÐ °vÐ µ bÐ µÃ µn condÐ µmnÐ µd Ð °s disruptivÐ µ, irrÐ µlÐ µvÐ °nt Ð °nd, Ð °t worst, downright dÐ °ngÐ µrous. According to the report findings thÐ µ Ð °rgumÐ µnts tÐ µnd to focus on thÐ µ Ð °llÐ µgÐ µd "cÐ °priciousnÐ µss" Ð °nd "prÐ µjudicÐ µ" of Ð µmotions, Ð °lthough, Ð °ltÐ µrnÐ °tivÐ µly, thÐ µy Ð °rÐ µ Ð °ttÐ °ckÐ µd for thÐ µir "intrÐ °ctibility" Ð °nd thÐ µir stupidity. ConsÐ µrvÐ °tivÐ µs lovÐ µ nothing morÐ µ thÐ °n to lÐ °mbÐ °st thÐ µ "do-goodÐ µrs" Ð °nd "blÐ µÃ µding hÐ µÃ °rts," nÐ °mÐ µly thosÐ µ who Ð µxprÐ µss thÐ µir fÐ µÃ µlings rÐ °thÐ µr thÐ °n stick by somÐ µ Ð °bstrÐ °ct Ð °nd oftÐ µn ruthlÐ µss, but in Ð °ny cÐ °sÐ µ "hÐ °rd-hÐ µÃ °dÐ µd" thÐ µory. ThÐ µrÐ µ is thÐ µ Ð °gÐ µ-old insistÐ µncÐ µ on "thÐ µ rulÐ µ of lÐ °w," shÐ °rÐ µd by both libÐ µrÐ °ls Ð °nd consÐ µrvÐ °tivÐ µs, which insists on "not rÐ µturning Ð µvil for Ð µvil," Ð °nd, Ð °ccordingly, thÐ µ forÐ µswÐ µÃ °ring Ð °nd condÐ µmnÐ °tion of rÐ µvÐ µngÐ µ.

Explanation of Human Behavior Essay Example for Free

Explanation of Human Behavior Essay Psychology is a vast field that studies the behavior of a person. Because of psychology there is a better understanding of the disorders people may be affected by, the choices people make, and even the sexuality of the human race is understood by psychology. How psychology came to be, is a question that I had asked myself in the past. When researchers chose to directly observe psychological events, such as timed reactions, 130 years ago, psychology emerged into a scientific field of its own. The first psychological lab was created in 1879 by Wilhelm Wandr. Since the field of psychology was originally developed by Caucasian males, many beliefs were biased. As the field of psychology has grown, so has the diversity involved in psychological study; leaving us with more accurate understanding. As I happened to mention earlier, psychology is a vast field. This leaves room for many different perspectives. There are three primary perspectives with several sub-fields of psychology. First there is the biological perspective which includes biopsychology and evolutionary psychology. Second, is the psychological perspective that includes behaviorism, cognitive psychology, the psycho-dynamic approach, and humanism. The third perspective of psychology is the sociocultural perspective. Together, these three perspectives and their sub-fields have helped in advancing knowledge in the field. A long standing debate in the field of psychology is the effect of nature and nurture on a person’s behavioral development. I feel that both are equally important factors in how a person behaves. Some people are born with psychological disorders, but their upbringing helps them live a comfortable life without being controlled by their disorder. Others grow up in a bad environment that brings out the worst of their disorders. There are some people who aren’t born with psychological disorders, but develop some over time due to their upbringing. For example, I was born without any  abnormalities and was completely healthy. Unfortunately I was born into a family of addiction and violence. As a child I was sexually, physically, and emotionally abused. As a result of this abuse I suffered from depression and even now as an adult, many of my choices are influenced by the environment I grew in. I do feel that a lot of personal choices are in our own control, though. Another example, though I was raised in the type of family I was raised in, I chose to be better. I chose to break the pattern of addiction and abuse and become a better person. I know other people who grew up in the same situation as me, and they choose to follow the path and they choose to carry a grudge that the world owes them something. I feel there are too many factors involved in behavior for it to be caused by only one perspective. Reference Mitterer, Coon. Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and Behavior with Concept Maps and Reviews (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Cengage Learning.

The Reality of Cloning Essay -- Critical Thinking Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jerry L. Hall, then a researcher at the George Washington University Medical Center, presented the results of his in-vitro fertilization experiment at the 1993 meeting of the American Fertility Society in Montreal. Dr. Hall gave an interesting speech and the comments on his speech consisted of "nice job" and other positive remarks. On his return to George Washington University, Dr. Hall expected the same feedback, and he was shocked when the October 26, 1993 cover of the New York Times announced, "Scientist clones human embryos, and creates an ethical challenge." Ethicists pictured images of baby farming and of clones cannibalized for "spare parts." Protesters chanted on the streets to immediately ban human-embryo cloning. The cover of Newsweek had images of babies in beakers, and the debate concerning test tube babies resurfaced. L'Osservatore Romano from Vatican city stated these "procedures could lead humanity down a tunnel of madness." And many other groups and individuals expressed their horror of cloning humans. Professor Hans Bernhard Wuermeling, a medical ethicist at the University o... ...y the price for Michael Jordan if this was a possibility? Be at rest, no Hitler race will take over the world in the near future. But Jerry Hall may help many couples have families because the goal of his experiment was to help people.    Works Cited Elmer-Dewitt, Philip. Where Do We Draw the Line? Time. November 8, 1997: 64-70. Herbert, Wray. The World After Cloning. U.S. News and World Report. March 10, 1997: 59-64. Scientist clones human embryos, and creates an ethical challenge. New York Times. October 26, 1993: A1.      

Pros and Cons of India’s vote in the US sponsored UNHRC Resolution against Sri Lanka.

India finally has taken a stand and voted for the US sponsored resolution at the United Nations top Human Rights Body (UNHRC). Every decision taken has its own value. So let us take a look at the Pros and Cons of India’s vote in the UNHRC Resolution against Sri Lanka along with some viable alternatives. The important positive aspect of the voting in favour of the resolution is that, the Government of India has finally proved that India stands alongside the Sri Lankan Tamils and they will be ‘there’ for the benefit of the people. It is a welcome stand by the Government, even though it happened after a tough political lobbying between the regional parties of Tamil Nadu. It also shows that India acts in its own show its commitment to shun violence against the unarmed civilians and for their rehabilitation. As the whole Tamil Community people were looking forward for India to act, the GoI (Government of India) did the right thing to garner their support. It may also put an end to the Zigzag diplomacy followed by the Rajapaksha’s Government (Giving a Commitment when Foreign minister of India reaches in Sri Lanka due to pressure from the Tamil Nadu politicians and when he boards the flight, commitment will be in dustbin). May be there is a minute possibility of taking Rajapaksha’s Government to the ICC (International Criminal Court) for the war crime. But what is the resolution in the UNHRC really intends to do to the Sri Lankan Government. To be frank it achieves nothing, rather it HUMILIATES Sri Lanka in the World Political Scenario. The Humiliation is thought to do wonders in the country, which has been proven wrong many a number of times (There are more than 200 resolutions passed against Israel for its action against Palestine, though no solution have been found). The resolution draft which has not been released officially by the UNHRC, is intended to contain only recommending the Government to act according to the Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission (LLRC), with the coordination and active support of the member States of the UNHRC (affecting the sovereignty of the country, like eg: USA dictating India how to control Naxalism and monitoring every move made by the State forces). As India had voted in favour of the US sponsored UNHRC resolution, the whole geographical hegemony is shifting underneath India. With this vote GoI has deliberately distanced itself from Sri Lanka in the International Scenario, since Sri Lanka has always been toeing India in all major International organization, this action might ignite their passion to pursue their own interest or lean towards the ever growing Dragon Warrior (China). A mutual distrust will be created between the GoI and the Government of Sri Lanka (Even though the severity of the resolution has been diluted with active intervention of India). The Big Brother attitude of India in the South Asian region journeys in the downward swirl. India had always maintained a stature of Non Aligned Country and look to avoid any involvement in the internal affairs of other countries, but this voting pattern has severely dented that image which was carved and niched by Foreign Affairs expert Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. It leads to the questioning of the India’s commitment to the NAM (Non Aligned Movement), SAARC and other regional organizations, who look upon India as a key player in the region. China has been provided with a golden opportunity to strengthen its â€Å"String of Pearls† strategy in Sri Lanka (eg: Habantota port developed by Chinese firms) (encircling India on all the sides diplomatically and strategically). The other important aspect is that the Tamilans in the Sri Lanka are now being portrayed as Enemy of the State (due to the humiliation of the country in the world arena) by the Sinhalese people, which will lead to the increase in the rift between the various communities, rather than improving their co existence and starting of the reconstruction of the nation. Even though India had taken a stand in the issue, GoI must actively participate in the rehabilitation of the Sri Lankan Tamil People with a â€Å"Solution oriented approach†. India has already provided a helping hand in the clearing of the Land mines in the Battle field, along with the building of the houses for the Tamil People. Infrastructure development projects (railways) are being mooted in the war torn areas (Even though the essential supplies sent from India is being rotten in the godowns in Sri Lanka). India must make a dedicated approach towards the Tamil Eelam issue, rather than succumbing to the pressures of the regional parties. Since India is a heavyweight in SAARC and NAM, diplomatic channels can be opened in coherence with these regional organizations to look into the rehabilitation of Tamil people in the Tamil Eelam region. It will provide a more conducive environment to the Government of Sri Lanka & the people, rather than being dictated by the high handedness of the Police of the World (USA). People are the pillars of the democracy, so the people to people contact between the various communities in Sri Lanka must be encouraged. Rajapaksha’s government must give in to the demand of the 13th amendment plus plea. This would provide the suitable platform for bringing in a federal structure in the country (dissolution of the power to the Chief Ministers as in the case of India), which is in the best interest of all the stakeholders or communities. Effective steps must be taken against the offenders who were responsible for the atrocities, set loose upon the unarmed civilians and they must be punished according to the rule of law. The one question which will always linger in the mooting of the resolution is the active role played by the USA, which dramatizes them as the champion of the Human Rights (Literally). The answer will be real simple that Uncle Sam was unable to place a firm foot in the Island nation, while the Government of Sri Lanka were fostering and nurturing their relations with countries which have been hostile with USA (Cuba, Venezuela, Iran, etc). This prompted USA to bring the Island nation to bring in order along with its favour, which has severely backfired the USA policy (the strong anti – American mood within the people). This incident outlines the incompetence in assuring that India would become a world power in the near future. If the Human Rights violation in the Sri Lanka had been taken seriously by the Government of India and intended to take action against the lax nature of the action proceeding against the offenders, GoI should have sponsored the resolution rather than backing a resolution which is sponsored by a nation which is totally alien to the Island nation, the responsibility holds up on the shoulders of India due to its geographical, ethnical, cultural and economic proximity to the country. War, would always leave a undeniable scare in the mind of the people along with the sorrows and despair, the Citizens of Sri Lankan have long been made the pawns due to the bad decision making at the time of Independence in the Island nation. Time is always a good healer. The War now over, the hatred sowed in the minds of the different communities must be weeded out and a mutual trust must be incorporated in the minds of the people, with whatever solution available. The International community must look in to the long term prospect of the building the nation to its zenith rather than involving in petty politics and gaining fame. Government of Sri Lanka must aptly remember that â€Å"United is Strength, Divided is to Fail†. Therefore the State must take any possible measure to unite the various communities in the country, even when it is to compromise on some basic ideals. Since ultimately it is for the people the Government is formed as â€Å"Democracy†.

Michael Jackson Social Media Idea Essay

Michael Jackson, often referred to as The King of Pop or simply MJ, is one of the most entertaining individuals in the history of the entire world. Armed with more awards than any aspiring artist could ever dream of, he produced hit songs over forty years ago in 1970, such as â€Å"ABC†, â€Å"I want you Back†, and â€Å"I’ll Be There.† Michael continued to dominate the 80’s when he wrote songs such as â€Å"Thriller†, â€Å"The way you Make me Feel† and co-wrote â€Å"We are the World† with Lionel Richie in an attempt to help raise money for charity. Even into the early 90’s Jackson’s glamor was simply unmatched, as he set the foundation for future Super Bowl halftime shows with a flashy show in 1993 during Super XXVII, the first time ever a network actually gained viewers during the half time performance. However, as with all iconic celebrities, Jackson had a multitude of problems to deal with himself. After a strict, vicious childhood, Jackson dealt with multiple child sexual abuse scandals, both of which he was never convicted in, as well as a huge public controversy over his skin tone. Michael Jackson was found dead on June 25, 2009, the autopsy revealed it was a homicide from cardiac arrest; his physician was convicted of involuntary manslaughter for administering the drugs. When Jackson died in 2009, it triggered a social media outburst of grief, with nearly one billion people watching the Memorial Service online. From the sheer amount of fans Jackson had and still currently has, if a social media site were to catch on that featured Jackson, the possibilities would be endless. Before any idea can be developed, the audience and demographics must be taken into account for first. Since the death of Michael Jackson was so popular, companies actually took polls and notes from their audiences when they tuned into the Memorial Service. CNN (2009) polled over one thousand Americans to try and understand the demographics of MJ fans better. Michael Jackson fans were split relatively evenly among gender, with 52% of fans being male. Almost every person over 55 was not a MJ fan, while his hottest age demographic were age 39-49. Even the young generation who was not really around during his peak still considered themselves fans. Over ? of non-Caucasian respondents claimed they were MJ fans, while a majority of white respondents claimed they were. It is important to note that these were taken via telephone call, not the internet in any way. The key is to take these demographics and integrate them with internet users, particularly internet users. From my internet marketing textbook titled E-Marketing, by Judy Strauss and Raymond Frost (2009), the average demographic of an internet user is age 19-35, white, educated, and an average income around $75,000. However, the African-American segment of the race demographic is growing the fastest of any. Mixing the two of these, the potential client base would be highest if it were aimed towards young to middle aged adults, with a very strong common bond that unites everyone on the website, Michael’s music. I think it would be considered a crime if you attempted to try to start a relationship type of website with Michael Jackson’s name all over it, or at least the PR and media would tear it down to the bone, but perhaps any attention, good or bad, is considered advantageous when your business is still in its early stages. Anyway, the idea I would propose would be an all-out fan club for Michael Jackson. There is a site or two like this already, but it is very poorly done. It would have trivia contests, best dancing contests, look-alike contests, name that tune contests, etc. The key to the website would be the amount of users on it, which allows the user to become interactive with the website. I think that would appease to the younger population, uploading constant photos and videos, watching them, etc. For the older generation, there needs to be videos of old Michael Jackson performances, classics. The live performance at the super bowl, the vintage Jackson 5, the numerous Grammy awards, etc. From those videos, other current events in the world at that time would show. It would seem as if the user it going backwards in time, exploring Michael’s life, but in reality, the user connects epic, surreal moments from Jackson’s life, just as if he is re-living his own life thirty years ago. I think there would be two people who would go to the site, younger, less passionate fans of Michael who would go there for the social aspect and the older, less social media intense, but very Michael and music heavy users. Perhaps it is a stretch, but there are already so many niche social media networks out there, it is tough to fully see what works best. As with any business, it is not going to be perfect right away, the key is to constantly listen to users to help edit the site that appeals to the masses. There are a ton of 35-50 year olds out there who really loved there music during the 70-80’s, especially Michaels’s. The thing is that most men that age do not even really know the first thing on how to let alone accurately use, set up a Facebook account. The navigation would have to be so simplistic, that senior citizens could not even lose their ways. You would advertise with other huge artists of the time, The Beatles, Pink Floyd, etc. Before you know it, you have created a social network for older generation men who want to get home from their honest days’ work, light a cigarette, drink a beer and listen to the king. Works Cited Strauss, J., & Frost, R. (2009). E-marketing (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Poll: Majority of Americans are Michael Jackson fans – CNN. (2009, July 3). Featured Articles from CNN. Retrieved November 8, 2012, from http://articles.cnn.com/2009-07-03/entertainment/us.jackson.poll_1_michael-jackson-fans-new-national-poll?_s=PM:SHOWBIZ

Rockefeller essays

Rockefeller essays John D. Rockefeller was the richest man of his time and still ranks number one among todays standards, he contributed so much to society. Early in his life he was taught to always contribute to charity and remained to do so throughout his life. John D. also grew up with a father who was known for his shoddy business, frauds, and dishonesty. Rockefeller in one light was seen as a ruthless robber baron with low morals. J.D. Rockefeller was seen by the public as a greedy, ruthless business man, usurping every oil refinery in the nation, pushing everyone out of business. Rockefeller sent out spies to be ahead of competitors, pushing them out of jobs, leaving familys penny-less. Rockefeller used the method of cheap materials, cheap labor and tremendous profits. In a matter of a few years J.D. controlled 90% of the world oil market. When his ruthless and inhuman tactics were discovered by the public he gave money to compensate, as if money could heal the pain caused to so many families and forgive him of all his sins. At last John D. Rockefeller held the position of his dreams the ruthless Chowder, destroying Americas economic diversity as the ruler of the vast Standard Oil empire. Among many things Rockefeller was know for his vast contributions to capitalism and the growing economy. Rockefeller started a oil refinery at a very young age and watched it grow into a lucrative chain of companies. Based on hard work and a God-given gift he followed his dreams by doing Gods work, making lots of money and giving lots away. Rockefeller was a very talented business man and made generous offerings to his competitors to take over their businesses in legal and ethical ways. He is one of the greatest know philanthropist of all time, he gave away millions of dollars of his hard earned personal wealth to charity, for science development, and churches. ...

Religion Coursework

Religion Coursework Religion Coursework Religion Coursework Writing Tips for Students If a student has to write a religion coursework, there are a lot of thing under discussion and the topic should be chosen according to the knowledge and own preferences of the student Religion as a subject is useful for the study of intercultural concepts and opinions The knowledge of the other religion principles can play a great role in the personal views. A religion course module presupposes the 40% of the final grade, so it is essential part to understand that writing religion course work should be careful and meet all the requirements. Subject of religion embraces a vast portion of the never-answered questions, so your religion coursework should base on the existing beliefs and religions studying. What Are The Main Difficulties Students Face? It is a great workload for the student to look through a plenty of books and materials. And the difficulty lies also in the fact, that religion is connected with other sciences such as ethics and philosophies, so many students become confused while getting an assignment to write a religion coursework: Using different methods during analysis will be a great plus to the grade, because historical comparison and literary critics can tell much religion and its essence within the bounce of the humanitarian sciences. Also a student can choose own topic, but sometimes it is not an easy cake to cook, especially if a student should choose the topic within the bounds of the given area. The areas can be branches of the religions, such as Buddhism, Christianity and others. Often a student can be offered to write about the religion, which is not his or her own. It is done for the students can learn about the environmental world more and can discuss and compare the level of the development and also in some cases to choose the right direction for own living. The Aims of The Writing Religion Coursework Can Be Following: Disclosing an ability of a student in discussion and telling in own words about other beliefs and traditions. The history is a rich science and there are a lot of directions where young scientists can try their efforts. Investigation of the various events and societies within one religion. This knowledge can help in the future to develop the intellectual level of student. Various symbols can be discussed in the religion coursework. Comparison of two or more branches of religions. You have an excellent opportunity to try your analysis ability and have double-learning of two religions. It would be great if you take two religions, which are unknown to you and you will be a real researcher. Discussion of religion in general. The student may look through the main causes, which influences the person and his or her beliefs. Writers of our team are devoted to the hard work on the given topic and assignment. They know how to write an exclusive essay, dissertation or religion coursework. Wide experience and high professionalism of our team can assure you that the maximum satisfaction will be if you will order the work at our site. Read also: College Application Essay American College Essay Assistance University Admission Essay Statement of purpose essay Scholarship Essay Format

The Architecture of the Log Cabin

The Architecture of the Log Cabin Todays log homes are often spacious and elegant, but in the 1800s log cabins reflected the hardships of life on the North American frontier. The roomy log cabins we build today are likely to include skylights, whirlpool tubs, and other luxuries. However, for homesteaders settling the American West, log cabins fulfilled more basic needs. Wherever timber was readily available, a log cabin could be built in just a few days using only a few simple tools. No nails were needed. Those early log cabins were sturdy, rainproof, and inexpensive. Some of the first buildings constructed in a colonial frontier were log cabins like the Chicken, Alaska Post Office. Log cabin construction came to North America in the 1600s when Swedish settlers brought building customs from their home country. Much later, in 1862, the Homestead Act influenced the design of Americas log cabins. The Act gave homesteaders rights to open land, but required that they cultivate it and build homes at least ten by twelve feet in size, with at least one glass window. The PBS television series, The Frontier House, documented efforts of three modern American families to build and live in frontier style log cabins. Deprived of modern comforts such as indoor plumbing and kitchen appliances, the families found life harsh and exhausting. Examples of Log Homes and Cabins Log cabins are examples of building with local materials. When pioneers encounter trees, they cut them down and built shelter. A log cabin built by homesteaders on the Alaskan frontier would be something to be proud of c. 1900-1930. How might they have constructed it? A frontier style cabin would often have notches cut with an ax on the ends of each log. The homesteaders would then stack the logs and fit the notched ends together at the corners. The log cabin of poet Robert W. Service (1874-1958) may have been built this way. Called the Bard of the Yukon, in Dawson City, Canada, this retreat was ahead of its time with what today is called a green roof. The Revolutionary War shelters at Valley Forge in Pennsylvania probably had wooden shingle roofs. Log Cabin Construction Facts Do you think you could build and live in a frontier style log cabin? Before you answer, consider these log cabin facts: The frontier style log cabin was introduced to the New World by Swedish settlers in the early 1600s - pioneers who perhaps had lived in cabins in the Swedish Lapland. It used no nails; contained only one room; was only 10 feet wide; measured 12 to 20 feet long; had at least one glass window; included a loft area for sleeping. To build a frontier style log cabin: lay a rock or stone foundation to keep logs above the damp soil; square off each log; cut notches on the top and bottom of each end; stack the logs and fit the notched ends together at the corners; chick (or stuff) sticks and wood chips in the gaps between the logs; fill remaining spaces with mud; cut open a door and at least one window; build a stone fireplace; rake the dirt and gravel floor smooth. Does this sound too rustic? If you prefer your cabin to have all the modern amenities, there are plenty of ways to learn the craft - week-long schools, training videos, and plenty of books have been published by people in the know. Log Home Affordability Theyre not called cabins anymore. And theyre not made from the timber growing behind your lot. The Log and Timber Home Council of the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) suggests that anyone who can afford to build a home can afford to build a beautiful log home. Here are some of their secrets: Choose stock plan kits with pre-cut and pre-drilled timber.Choose a simple, rectangular design.Go small and simple, with an open floor plan.Think like a pioneer and build only what you need at first, then add on porches and extras.Do the start-up work yourself. As much as 35 percent of your budget will go to clearing your home site, excavating a foundation, creating a driveway and installing utilities, claims the NAHB Council.Keep the design of the roof simple.Choose a builder trained in log home construction. Sources 16 Secrets of Affordable Log Home Design! Log and Timber Home Council of the National Association of Home Builders [accessed August 13, 2016]Chicken, Alaska Post Office photo by Arthur D. Chapman and Audrey Bendus at flickr.comFrontier Log Cabin, Alaska Homesteaders, photo LC-DIG-ppmsc-02272, Carpenter Coll. Library of Congress Prints Photographs Div. (cropped)Photo of man notching log by Thinkstock/Stockbyte/Getty Images (cropped)Photo of Robert Serivce cabin by Stephen Krasemann / All Canada Photos / Getty ImagesPhoto of cabin at Valley Forge by Aimin Tang / Collection: Photographers Choice / Getty Images (cropped)Photo of Swedish cabin by Cultura Travel/Philip Lee Harvey/Photolibrary Collection/Getty Images (cropped)

Teching ICT for Special Need Pupil Between Theory and Practice Essay

Teching ICT for Special Need Pupil Between Theory and Practice - Essay Example To make ICT practical in addressing the needs of students with special needs, there is need to sensitize the community on the role that ICT can play in education of those with special needs. INTRODUCTION There are pupils faced with all manners of learning disabilities whether physical, educational, emotional, mental, or may be a combination of all the above problems. Problems like autism, cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, epilepsy, spinal bifida, and others present compounding disabilities which teachers find difficult to deal with. These problems present various kinds of learning disabilities ranging from mental problems to behavioral problems. Behavioral problems make it difficult for student to associate with others in the learning environment which defies the order of learning as an associative activity. It is good to realize that the world has moved from early problems of deafness and blindness which has defined learning disabilities for along time, and has moved to addressing the previously mentioned problems. The world is coming to realization that disability is no inability. There has been a vigorous campaign from all over the world in a bid to encourage the education of those with special needs. For a long time disabled children have been considered as unfit to pursue higher levels of education as compared to their normal counterparts. Students with learning disabilities have faced a lot of problems integrating in the same classrooms with other students. This has led to development of special teaching classrooms for those students with special needs. In a learning environment, teachers are faced with various problems of addressing the needs of the students which are as diverse as the students themselves. Those with physical disabilities will require... This paper stresses that to make ICT more practical to students with special needs, it is also good to start with training the community first of the importance that ICT can play in education of these children. This will involve mobilization of the community which turns out to be holding teachers, parents and the children themselves. This report makes a conclusion that the use of ICT in the learning process of students with special needs is very vital. It is very important models of learning that can help student with learning disability achieve the same education calibre like other children. It is beneficial not only to the students but also to the community as a whole. However we have seen the many hurdles that make the process impractical. This is the point that all the authorities in the world should strive to address right now. Implementing ICT in special schools should not be seen only as a burden of the parents and teacher alone nor should it be taken as a problem to be tackled by the authority alone but rather it should be seen as burden that everybody has to tackle. All of us have an input that can make the process more practical. It is time the world moved from the theoretical mentioning of the process and moves to make it more practical. Going by its benefits, it is worth our trial. There is need for t he world to move fast and address the digital divide that has currently rocked the world. The ICT gap between the developed and the developing world has increased with a huge gap and there is need for it to be addressed fast. This can only be done through increasing access to ICT facilities to the developing world. This will also involve involving students with learning disabilities more in the digital world which will help in their holistic development.

Recruitment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recruitment - Essay Example Technology plays an important role in bringing the employers and job seekers on one platform and the ways of recruitment have been modified according to the emerging technology from time to time. Today, many big enterprises make use of softwares for the formulation of job description, job advertisement, response management, short-listing, selection of analytical method, arrangement and conduction of interviews, and the final selection. Thus, the reliance upon technology or recruitment agencies to assess the skills and competences of candidates has made it easy for the managers to select the finest candidates from the pool of applicants. Selection of right individuals for the right positions is indeed, the first step of workforce management. Management of existing workforce, may however, be adversely affected by the recruitment of new employees. Workforce management is a skill and art that requires much more than a manager’s conscious efforts to satisfy the workforce and improv e its morale.

Sustainability 351 wk 6 forum Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sustainability 351 wk 6 forum - Research Paper Example The company has been extremely careful to ensure that the recycled boxes are contamination free and are safe for use (Thomas, 2010). Becoming packaging neutral simply means to cut out the cycle of the useful cardboard being wasted and going directly into the landfills. The focus is to help cut out the cycle and to give a new life to the packaging material, thereby reducing the wastage and prioritizing the use of the packaging materials. Yes, the box as seen in the video clearly does meet the requirements as mentioned above (WalMart, 2014). The packaging neutral is simply a means to cut down the levels of trash, and the volumes of pollution and a means to simply expand the pace consumption of the Walmart forests. The focus and attention is to reduce the use of natural resources to the maximum possible extent. Hence, this is in the true sense in line with the definition of the ‘packaging neutral’ aspect of the

Week 3Hand-in Assignment -3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Week 3Hand-in -3 - Assignment Example Hartsfield is the world’s busiest airport by passenger traffic and the Agency quickly recognized it had a big problem. In accordance with its redundancy procedures, the system was switched to its Salt Lake City, Utah facility. That was no doubt a bad mistake, for Salt Lake City was much smaller than Atlanta and not equipped to handle such immense traffic. It too crashed with in a short period of time and because of the airlines’ â€Å"hub and spoke† system the ripple effect was felt all up and down the East Coast. With the additional effect of bad weather, American had to cancel â€Å"40 or 50† flights and Southwest admitted forty per cent of its air traffic in the East was either cancelled or delayed. A spokesman for the Controllers said â€Å"the problem forced controllers to enter flight information manually†. Once again the old style Flight Progress Strips proved to be what saved the day (CBS 2009). Unfortunately for the FAA, Salt Lake City was the test bed for its new Next Gen computer system specifically the En Route Automation Modernization (ERAM) computer, specially designed for the higher flying larger aircraft such as the Boeing 787 and the Airbus 380, each of which can hold hundreds of passengers. ERAM, based upon Global Positioning System (GPS), was supposed to replace equipment using radar technology that has its roots in World War II, seventy years old. However, after the Atlanta fiasco, the newest computer system was put on hold for several years to come but Salt Lake will continue to provide testing material (Lowy 2010). Yet the system, however antiquated, seems to work quite well. In calendar year 2011, revenue passenger aircraft flew almost 567 million miles just domestically in the United States. That does not count thousands more military, cargo and private flights. Nor does it take into account at least that many more international air carriers arriving

Ethical Issues in HRM Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Ethical Issues in HRM Strategy - Essay Example There are certain ethical issues that may accost the ratification of expert knowledge of other organizational HRM strategies with the new client. Particularly, the proposition that the client organization downsizes some of its staff to avoid redundancy and as part of closing the performance gap readily brings ethical concerns. This may mean that there are many who are going to forfeit their source of livelihood, their input in and experience with the client organization notwithstanding. Similarly, the signing of performance contracts may also underscore the ethical concern above since an employee’s security of tenure will be pegged on his performance. Conversely, persuading a part of the staff to embrace workshop and training programs may be an ethical challenge, given that some in this section may be older, both in terms of age and tenure in the client organization. At the same time, workshop drives and training programs may eat into employees’ private and family lives if study travels are involved (OHiggins & Kelleher, 2005). One of the best approaches to customizing HRM strategy to business strategies is the incorporation of HRM strategies into the business organization’s mission statement, objectives and strategy. By doing this, the business organization’s synergy will be extended and channeled towards the fulfillment of the client organization’s mission statement and long-term objectives. At the same time, the modus operandi that the business organization will be using is one that will be in tandem with HRM strategies. Some of these strategies that an organization may incorporate into its performance strategies may include the signing of performance contracts, introducing and observing workshop drives and training programs, and using behavioral techniques which portend the introduction of rewards (for diligent and committed employees) and

Corporate Social Responsibility and the Company Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility and the Company - Essay Example It is for this reason that the company has stated emphatically that â€Å"over the past year, our company has delivered on my challenge to "broaden and accelerate" our commitment to sustainability† (Duke, 2011). As a matter of fact, corporate social responsibility cuts across several sectors of society and of a company though it has mostly been mistaken to be the benefit that society alone gets from a company. To a large extent, â€Å"Corporate social responsibility is about how businesses align their values and behavior with the expectations and needs of stakeholders including suppliers, communities, regulators, special interest groups and society as a whole† (CSR Network, 2011). Wal-Mart has been guided by this realization to ensure that social satisfaction is created not only for customers and investors but also to all other leading stakeholders. Specific mention can be made of some of milestones reached in the corporate responsibility business for Wal-Mart. To show integration of the social responsibility commitment, Wal-Mart has matured from a stage where corporate social responsibility was seen as a philanthropic add-on to a level where its corporate social responsibility pivots around â€Å"responsible consumption" and creation of "shared value†. ... This report seeks to elaborate on the Wal-Mart's Sustainability 360 approach. Wal-Mart's Sustainability 360 approach (The Slow Greening of Wal-Mart) Carbon emission has been identified to have adverse effect on humans and other living organisms. It also has unfavorable effects on other non-living components of the environment and threatens an ill-resourced future. In a report by PwC in advance of the Stern Review report published in the UK on 30 October 2006, it was documented that the effect and result of carbon emission could be more than doubling by 2050 (PwC, 2006). In most cases, when calls for carbon emission reduction are made, accusing fingers are quickly pointed to manufacturers and industrialists. One may therefore think that Wal-Mart has taken up carbon emission campaign because the company is a retailer and not directly involved in carbon production. This argument is however not justified because as a retailer, Wal-Mart deals directly with manufacturers and producers and therefore has every moral authority to campaign for a greening environment. Wal-Mart therefore targeted carbon emission as one of the component aspects of the Wal-Mart Sustainability 360 project in a program dubbed Slow Greening. In the Slow Greening Project, the company’s target is its suppliers as Roner (2007) notes that â€Å"the company’s suppliers will now be asked to measure and report the energy used to make and distribute its products.† This means that the Slow Greening Project is dedicated to both carbon emission reduction and energy efficiency and therefore very suitable for the Sustainability 360 Project. In championing the campaign, the symbol has been associated with the Slow Greening. The symbolism here is that

Ethical Issues in HRM Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Ethical Issues in HRM Strategy - Essay Example There are certain ethical issues that may accost the ratification of expert knowledge of other organizational HRM strategies with the new client. Particularly, the proposition that the client organization downsizes some of its staff to avoid redundancy and as part of closing the performance gap readily brings ethical concerns. This may mean that there are many who are going to forfeit their source of livelihood, their input in and experience with the client organization notwithstanding. Similarly, the signing of performance contracts may also underscore the ethical concern above since an employee’s security of tenure will be pegged on his performance. Conversely, persuading a part of the staff to embrace workshop and training programs may be an ethical challenge, given that some in this section may be older, both in terms of age and tenure in the client organization. At the same time, workshop drives and training programs may eat into employees’ private and family lives if study travels are involved (OHiggins & Kelleher, 2005). One of the best approaches to customizing HRM strategy to business strategies is the incorporation of HRM strategies into the business organization’s mission statement, objectives and strategy. By doing this, the business organization’s synergy will be extended and channeled towards the fulfillment of the client organization’s mission statement and long-term objectives. At the same time, the modus operandi that the business organization will be using is one that will be in tandem with HRM strategies. Some of these strategies that an organization may incorporate into its performance strategies may include the signing of performance contracts, introducing and observing workshop drives and training programs, and using behavioral techniques which portend the introduction of rewards (for diligent and committed employees) and

Stock and Commodity Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Stock and Commodity Markets - Essay Example With globalisation, MNCs began to explore the markets outside there domestic grounds. Stock and commodities market too are being made attractive by respective governments, which is also resulting in wealth creation for the citizens and companies alike. If used judiciously, 'Stock and commodity trading' greatly helps in tapping resources for developmental projects, welfare schemes and other such nation building exercises. In order to leverage the economies of scale at different locations, such companies try to set up some of their operations at different locations. Moreover, with the advancement in ICT, global distances have tended to become smaller while the world is gradually being seen as a global village. Bracken (2004) underlines that it was since early 1990s when the term 'Globalization' became a catch phrase as it started entering into all walks of life even in developing economies. Libya doesn't have a well defined stock market as Colonel Muammar Qaddafi thought it against the vision of applied socialism and popular democracy (CountryWatch, 2007). But now with the emergence of his son Seif al-Islam on the horizon, there are talks of a new vision. Libya has the largest reserve of crude oil, but despite such a great wealth and a population of just about 6 Million the country could not progress much during all these years (The Economist, 2007). A well regulated trading as such helps in stabilizing market prices for both buyers and sellers. For example a farmer growing mango crop can enter into a contract with a juice making company or a retailer prior to the growing season to pre-sell his mango crop at an agreed-upon price. This way the farmer is also assured of a minimum price for his crop, whatever the circumstances are, in the coming months. On the other hand the juice making company is also assured of a minimum level of supply for the company which helps in preparing long term plans and pricing strategies. Similarly if a listed company requires money fo r expansion or diversification, the company can tap the stock market for borrowing enough money. The borrowed money in turn earns some interests for the lender, which helps in creating wealth for the lender. Stock markets provide an opportunity even to individual and smaller investors to lend their money this way and thus they are also able to create wealth. The wealth created this way helps in encouraging the consumer market as demands for goods and other commodities increases subsequently. Therefore, the cycle helps in boosting the morale of investors and financial institutions, which in turn helps the economy of the nation. Examples of fast developing economies like India and China together with well developed markets like US and UK are good examples of the role of stock and commodities markets in nation building. Middle East and North Africa too have been identified as potential growth oriented zones on account of sweeping reforms in some countries of the region. Except Libya an d Syria the European Union has recently concluded bilateral association agreements with all states bordering the Mediterranean (Euromonitor, 2007). Dissertation Objectives The dissertation in general aims to; i. Establish a well studied relationship between the stock market trends, the commodity markets and the economies of nations. These effects have become of particular significance in view of the fast spreading effects of

Cognitive Interventions Essay Example for Free

Cognitive Interventions Essay The only thing that tells everyone apart from everyone else is each person’s genetic make-up. And there is only one exception and that would identical twins, because no two people are the same. This can be said true about the way we all think. There is no one person that thinks the same as the next person. People believe that we are all born innocent and that we are pure in thoughts and in behavior. There are many different factors that can and sometimes do influence how a person is controlled by his/her cognitive ability to think before acting. There are people who do a better than others can. There are people who have certain psychological problems that seek out help from a therapist to get a handle on their problems. One of most popular therapy would be cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). The base of this theory is that some of the behaviors are caused by a person’s inner thoughts or by mental inability to deal with problems or events in our lives. In this paper, I will summarize the article â€Å"Abuse-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Child Physical Abuse,† that describe Abuse-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (AF-CBT) and the use of AF-CBT in adolescent anger management. Article Summary Childhood anger can be tiger by many different factors, thoughts or even events during a child early life. A young child is not able to express their feels in a correct way, so they have problems in dealing with their anger. This could also be that they were never taught by his/her parents how to handle their emotions. A good example would be a friend of mine that has a child with some deep rooted problems, When Sam get angry he will not able to express how he feels so he acts out towards anyone that is near him. At Christmas time I brought him a soccer ball that he wanted and when he opened it he just threw it to one side, so he was punishment, sent to his room, when he came out the looks in his eyes just plain scared me. I have seen that look in a person who just committed a murder. Cold and dark look is what this child has. Most children with this type of problems, it could be a result of abuse in the home by one or both parents, and the type of abuse could be physical or sexual. At the time of the abuse the child may feel that they could not fight off the person who is abusing him or they are so scared to tell anyone. When this time of situation has occurred the child is not able to handle so they will out and get into trouble. They may start getting into trouble at school, start handling out with the wrong crowds and getting into serious trouble with the law. The child may become involved with sex, alcohol and drugs, sometimes the child could turn out to be an abuser also. Children will do this to get away from their home life and the pain. If the abuse was discover at an early age, and then the child can be remove from the home and has a better chance to get therapy and could turn out to normal. This way the hate and anger can be redirected to a more positive avenue. It difficult for a child to understand why things happened to them and but to be able to speak to someone that can be able to help them understand that it was no their fault and help them heal their emotional wounds. Unfortunately, the affective of the abuse may follow the person throughout their life in many different forms. It can affect their children and even their partners. They may became have problems like becoming overweight so they will not be attractive to men. They also can be very sexually active. Being in therapy as a child they can be with other children that have been threw the same as the child and could help to release their anger, it could also help them from staying away from trouble and from hanging out with the wrong people. This would help the child to focus more on school and what is important to the child. The cognitive behavior theory is known to help child that are victims of abuse cases whether it is physical or sexual and the parents that are the abusers, that may help them to reestablish a relationship between parents and children. Abuse-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy  The main usage of the Abuse-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (AF-CBT) is working with children and their families that have suffered sexual or physical abuse; the environment is very hostile, the child may be subject coercion and are aggression when the family is present. AF-CBT is also used for children with behavioral problems such as Conduct Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder. AF-CBT is right for children who are the ages of 5-15, who exhibit some level of behavioral or emotional dysfunction and for parents or caregivers who may resort to uncomfortable or unsafe levels of physical punishment. The goal of this therapy is to reduce the level of physical abuse risk factors of the caregiver or family and to reduce the consequences of these experiences for the children. The primary focus is behavior management, social skills, training, cognitive restructuring, problem-solving skills, and communications skills for the caregiver’s level of anger and promote nonaggressive discipline strategies, to enhance a child’s coping skills, and encourage problem-solving and communication. There are three stages of AF-CBT process, each of the steps consisting in multiple steps that involve the child and the parent(s) separately and jointly. This type of treatment would be taken place as outpatient or in a setting that ongoing contact with the caregiver and the child. The treatment should take place twice a week for approximately three to six months. Abuse-Focus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in an Adolescent Anger-Management, the important part is to be able know how to control anger. Everyone can control their anger and being angry is a normal part of life. Just like everyone else, adolescent are no exception. The only exception is that adolescent can take their anger to the extreme and their action may not be called normal when angered. There is one way to help the adolescent to control their anger is by cognitive therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy can occur in many different ways, the most common is the one-to-one talk with the adolescents. Once the problem is out in the open, the therapist may give the adolescent advice and to show how to control or redirected their anger. It is a success when one discovers the problem using the cognitive behavioral therapy. Now that the adolescent is able to control their anger it more benefit for those who are around the adolescent, it does benefit both parties. With aggressive or violent behavior the AF-CBT will target in three ways in which people can deal with the situations: 1) Cognition (thinking), 2) Affect (feeling), and 3) Behavior (doing). AF-CBT use many different techniques that are used by practitioners, such as behavior and anger management, problem solving, social skills training, and cognitive restructuring. All programs require proper training in different areas, especially with psychological skills so that enhancing interpersonal effectiveness and self-control is maintained. Conclusion The article explains to us how to deal with child and adolescent in dealing with their anger due to physical or sexual abuse to them and to be able overcome their anger and to deal with feelings as well as their families. The primary goal of AF-CBT is to reduce other behavioral problems in children and adolescent when they grow-up.

Beginning Life of Walt Disney :: essays research papers

The Beginning Life of Walt Disney   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Walt was born in Chicago and with his family moved to Missouri in 1960 on to a farm. He started drawing animals on the farm here. When he was 18 he had his first cartooning job. Walt started cartooning by drawing non-moving cartoons for companies at the Pesman-Rubin Commercial Art Studio. There, Walt met Ubbe(later to be shortened to Ub) Iwerks. Ub taught Walt how to make drawings look more professional. They had only been hired to Pesman-Rubin because of the Christmas rush, so soon afterward; they were both let go. Then, Walt suggested one day that they, Walt and Ub, should make their own Art studio. Ub agreed because he needed money to help his family. They named their firm Iwerks-Disney. Their first office belonged to their first client who traded rent for artwork. Their Business did very well. They did so well; they could afford a bigger office. Walt saw an ad for a cartoonist for the Kansas City film Ad Company in the newspaper in the spring of 1920. This com pany produced short cartoons for local businesses. Both liked cartooning, and became interested in the filmed cartoons appearing in theaters. So the Kansas City Film Ad Company opening seemed like the perfect chance to learn about cartooning for them. Walt would go apply for the job and attempt to convince the company that they need two cartoonists for the job, in hope that Ub would get a job as well. Unfortunately the job was only offered to Walt alone. The job offered 40 dollars a week, which was more money a week then Walt and Ub had dreamed of. Ub told Walt to take the job and he would continue on with Iwerks- Disney alone. After working a while with working at the Kansas City Ad Company, Walt and his employers found him falling behind, Walt found he needed help so he asked Ub Iwerks. This time Walt's persuading worked and Ub was hired. The Iwerks-Disney business was no longer needed. During all this time, Walt was living with his brother, Roy, and Roy's fiancee. However, doctor s found Roy's health worsening and was assigned to a veterans hospital in New Mexico because he was a veteran of World War 1.

Native American Essay -- essays research papers

From as early as the time of the early European settlers, Native Americans have suffered tremendously. Native Americans during the time of the early settlers where treated very badly. Europeans did what they wanted with the Native Americans, and when a group of Native Americans would stand up for themselves, the European would quickly put them down. The Native Americans bow and arrows where no match for the Europeans guns and cannon balls. When the Europeans guns didn’t work for the Europeans, the disease they bought killed the Native Americans even more effectively. In a poem by Louise Enrich called Dear John Wayne a line from a cowboy and Indian movie states the position of many European settlers in the Americas "Everything we see belongs to us". Native Americans did not like the way they were being treated. Every generation that passes, there would be fewer and fewer Native Americans around the Americas. Native Americans were dying like flies flying around bug spray mist. If it were not a war (The French and Indian war) that were killing them off it would be European disease (Cow and Small pox). The Native Americans saw what the Europeans were doing to their lives, they wanted their old way of life, and they wanted the Europeans to go away. In the movie Smoke Signals a line that was said by a character called Arnold Joseph represents the feelings of the Native Americans "Poof! The white people are gone". The Eur...

Adjustments to meet needs of students with ADhd

Approximately 5 % of kids suffer from AD ( H ) D ( Barkley, 2000 cited in Kutscher, 2000 ; Green and Chee, 1997 ; Selikowitz, 2009. ) However, prevalence is really higher and Susan Ashley ( 2005 ) suggests there are 6 to 9 per centum of kids with AD ( H ) D. Jo Frost ( 2010 ) in the recent telecasting programme â€Å" Extreme Parental Guidance † , states that â€Å" 1 kid in every schoolroom has AD ( H ) D. † This figure is amazing and this essay will take to look at what AD ( H ) D is and how instructors and other professionals in a school scene can do sensible accommodations for pupils with AD ( H ) D. If there is a high incidence of AD ( H ) D within the schoolrooms, it is critical as a instructor that I and other professionals are cognizant of what AD ( H ) D really is. AD ( H ) D is a mental upset that is normally first diagnosed in childhood ( Jarvis, Russell, Collis, 2009 ) and consists of the bulk of the undermentioned features being seen in either of the inattentive or overactive class. These overactive or inattentive traits are more developed than those of their equals at the same age. The symptoms are: Inattention ( six symptoms at least from this list ) Tends to do careless errors in their work Can non stay focused on a undertaking Seems to look like they are floating off when they are being spoken to straight and looks like they are non listening Can be easy distracted by other kids, objects and variables. E.g. and unfastened window in the schoolroom. Have trouble organizing undertakings Does non complete school assignment or jobs. Avoids undertakings that involve sustained attending for case prep. Loses equipment or notes required. Forgetful. The person can non retrieve what happened this forenoon but can retrieve events from 6 old ages ago Hyperactivity ( six symptoms at least ) Fidgets Leaves their place without permission in category or at inappropriate times Has problem being rather during drama Runs or ascents overly Negotiations overly Appears â€Å" on the spell † Impulsivity Interrupts Can non wait their bend Can name out the reply to a inquiry before the inquiry is to the full asked. ( adapted from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, 2000 in Jarvis, Russell, Collis, 2009, pp57 ; Kutscher, 2000, Chadd, 2008 ; National Institute of Mental Health, 2008 ) AD ( H ) D is in two chief types as antecedently mentioned the inattentive type or the overactive and unprompted type. For the inattentive type this is usually diagnosed after the age of 7 in late primary or secondary school. Here the ratio of male childs to misss are approximately tantamount, nevertheless it is diagnosed more in male childs. The exclusive job with this type of AD ( H ) D is that it affects academic public presentation where sick persons are described as academic underperformers. There is the other signifier of AD ( H ) D which is the overactive and unprompted type which chiefly has male childs who are diagnosed with this signifier. Persons who suffer from this signifier of AD ( H ) D tend to be those who have ongoing behavior issues and can fidget and be easy distracted ( Selikowitz,2009. ) Persons can endure from a combination of both signifiers of AD ( H ) D. AD ( H ) D has been a controversial diagnosing for many old ages. Research workers are still debating over what the true cause is ; heredity or endocrine abnormalities. The media seem speedy to fault the parents and so make lay people who do non understand the construct of AD ( H ) D and province it is a â€Å" modern label for severely brought up childs † ( Jo Frost, 2010 ; Ashley,2005 ; Green and Chee, 1997 ) . In contrast the most dominant ground for AD ( H ) D is a chemical instability, this being 5-hydroxytryptamine. Serotonin affects how persons behave and with this instability will do persons to be unprompted and display anti-social behavior ( Moir and Jessel, 1997 cited in Haralambos and Holborn, 2000 ) . Haralambos and Holborn ( 2000 ) support Moir and Jessel ( 1997 ) in the thought that a effect of hormonal instabilities is that these kids will go delinquents in the close hereafter and will ensue in exclusions or interrupting the jurisprudence and being capable to a tutelary sentence. For instructors it is of import to recognize when a pupil could hold AD ( H ) D and understand how it can impact the pupil with their surveies. During this essay I will utilize illustrations from my learning experience at my current school to explicate how the school and myself makes sensible accommodations for pupils with AD ( H ) D. Schools are required to do â€Å" sensible accommodations for handicapped pupils with conditions that give rise to behaviour jobs † stated a High Court opinion in 2009 under the way of the Disability and favoritism Act. This instance was in respects to a nine twelvemonth old who had been excluded due to holding AD ( H ) D and rubing a instructor who was physically taking him from the schoolroom ( EHRC online, 2009 ) . For namelessness intents I will discourse pupils utilizing the names student A and B Student A is a twelvemonth 7 pupil ( 11 old ages old ) who was diagnosed with AD ( H ) D in twelvemonth 4 of primary school. He was expelled in twelvemonth 5 and sent to a pupil referral unit in the local country due to disengagement from his surveies and being violent and riotous in the schoolroom. He is seen to be noncompliant and obstinate with utmost unprompted inclinations. Student A show sever AD ( H ) D tendencies non usually seen at my current school with oppositional upset. Biederman, Munir and Knee ( 1987 ) conducted a survey on kids exposing AD ( H ) D features and noted that 64 % of participants displayed oppositional upset, this being pupil A is unwilling to conform and may seek to rag others on intent ( Kutscher, 2000 ) .He is described as being similar to the 7 twelvemonth old male child Regan in Jo Frost ‘s recent docudrama on AD ( H ) D kids. Student A did non sit any cardinal phase 2 scrutinies as he was out of mainstream instruction nevertheless he is gifted in Mathematics. He came to this school in September, a mainstream comprehensive with the purpose of returning to normalcy. In order to do the passage from the pupil referral unit to secondary school smooth, pupil A was placed on a reduced timetable until the October half term. Student A was accustomed to 40 minute lessons and completing at 2.30pm. Here he has 3 periods of 2 hr lessons with a 15 minute interruption in period 1 and a 30 minute tiffin in period 2. The school adjusted its lesson length from 6 1 hr lessons to 3 2 hr lessons as research has supported the thought that longer lessons cut down emphasis and anxiousness and besides do less break ( for illustration, from the motion between lessons ) ( Kutscher, 2008 ) . This school would be ideal for those enduring from AD ( H ) D who tend to endure from anxiousness upset ( 34 % of AD ( H ) D sick persons ; Kutscher, 2000 ) , as tiffins have fewer pupils due to being staggered during period 2 therefore pupils are non faced with big groups of people who can deflect or do nerve-racking state of affairss. When pupil A was on a decreased timetable he missed period 3 on a Thursday and both lessons on a Friday. This caused great deductions for the pupil as he missed his lone maths lesson and besides the practical topics of physical instruction and nutrient engineering. The pastoral support squad thought it would be best to incorporate the pupil easy into the school which has a different construction ( incorporate course of study with 14hours with the same instructor learning English and humanistic disciplines in the same lesson ) and avoiding the physical topics and maths until he had got accustomed to the environment and instructors. However, I feel that pupil A has non been able to construct the indispensable relationships with pupils and instructors every bit good as his equals strting secondary school at the same clip as evidently he has non been in my maths category and has non seen the interaction of the pupils with me or the interactions between groups of pupils within the categor y. Rob Plevin and Flinton O ‘ Reegan ( 2009 ) and cooper and O'Reegan ( 2001 ) emphasise in their research that it is indispensable instructors build a relationship with pupils who have AD ( H ) D and seek to do them experience at easiness directly off. This will seek to relieve the tenseness and create less opportunity of effusions happening. Students need to experience safe within the environment and know they are able to do errors free from ridicule. Student A and other diagnosed AD ( H ) D pupils receive societal accomplishments developing one time a hebdomad for 2 hours. This is to better relationships with equals and authorization figures. Ashley ( 2005 ) suggests that this is an effectual manner for the healer or perceiver to detect the Childs interaction with his equals when in a group puting and it is uneffective in an single scene. However, others such as Selikowitz ( 2009 ) and Green and Chee ( 1997 ) have posed statements saying that societal accomplishments developing can hold a positive consequence on the kids at the clip as they can larn how their words and behaviors affect others around them. However, one time out of this group puting with the security of the healer back uping the pupils gone, the pupils can happen it difficult to use these accomplishments to mundane state of affairss. I have observed a societal accomplishments developing session and it ended in one pupil physically assailing another. Kutscher ( 2000 ) suggests that this preparation can be good every bit good as holding little groups of AD ( H ) D pupils together in a category to larn literacy accomplishments, nevertheless, he suggests it can be damaging to hold all AD ( H ) D pupils in the same room as they can be easy distracted by others. Student B is besides a twelvemonth 7 pupil who has late began intervention for AD ( H ) D with medicine being Ritalin. Student B has other larning troubles ( 70 % of AD ( H ) D kids have a learning disablement, Kutscher 2000 ) These larning troubles are similar to other AD ( H ) D pupils within the school, these are: dysgraphia, dyslexia, and hapless sequencing accomplishments. Larry Silver ( 1999 ) cited in Kutscher ( 2000 ) argues that AD ( H ) D can be exacerbated by these larning troubles as pupils are fighting to follow and therefore go stressed. This can be seen to be true with the bulk of pupils diagnosed with AD ( H ) D within the school. To cut down anxiousness, it is of import all instructors in the school make sure they cut down instructions into little balls and measure by measure state pupil what they should be making to be successful at the undertaking. As a school policy to assist AD ( H ) D pupils every bit good as those pupils who do non hold AD ( H ) D but have specific larning troubles, instructions for undertakings are given both verbally and written ( for illustration in a PowerPoint on the board ) in little step- by- measure balls ( Terrell and Passenger, 2006 ) . Student B can go rather dying if certain modus operandis are non upheld or there has been a job in the forenoon ( for case, he has been told he can non go to the computing machine nine in the eventide ) and will stay believing about this issue. This anxiousness overflows to other pupils who become cognizant that he is dying and will seek to â€Å" weave up † the pupil, therefore ensuing in a battle. Due to his anxiousness, he was removed from lessons after the first hebdomad of twelvemonth 7 and merely returned bit by bit to his normal timetable in November. Routines are really of import for AD ( H ) D pupils, who do non react good to alter ( Green and Chee,1997 ; ATL,2002 ; selikowitz 2009 ) . Student B and A do non have much construction or modus operandis at place, school was the lone topographic point with modus operandis for these male childs. To assist the male childs have a set modus operandi in every facet of their life and cut down tensenesss Monday forenoon when they had to conform to regulations and routines the school met with the parents to discourse schemes. In this meeting a agenda was created for both male childs with times when they would wake up, times when they would acquire washed, have medicine, drama games, complete prep and so travel to bed. These modus operandis are now stuck in outstanding topographic points in their places and the pupils are much calmer on a Monday forenoon. Certain modus operandis and outlooks are indispensable in behaviour direction. For illustration, in my lesson I have set modus operandis ( who gives out the maths books, siting program, what I expect from regulations ) , nevertheless in some lessons the whole school behavior policy is non followed and the male childs find it difficult to get by and they are told they are making something incorrect but they are non having penalty. The school aims to utilize positive behavior schemes as suggested by Terrell and rider ( 2006 ) and Selikowitz ( 2009 ) to promote positive behavior. The bulk of AD ( H ) D pupils who display the overactive constituent are on wages cards which have 3 short term marks, 1 is ever an administration mark ( for case, retrieving all mathematical equipment ) and the other 2 marks could be: remain sitting unless asked to travel by a instructor, follow instructions first clip by a member of staff. Boardman et Al ( 2006 ) supports this method of honoring positive beha vior and from seeing these pupils in category I have seen the cards have a positive consequence on their school life. The school besides tries to do sensible accommodations for AD ( H ) D pupils by doing certain all staff members are educated about AD ( H ) D and how we should cover with certain behaviors and what modus operandis should be seen in the category. To do the acquisition experience uniform in outlooks, the school completes larning walks to guarantee all instructors have specific pupils for case those with AD ( H ) D seated off from distractions. All instructors must lump lessons as this helps keep engagement aids to scaffold acquisition, both cardinal elements that will assist cut down behaviour issues from AD ( H ) D pupils ( ATL, 2002 ; Green and Chee, 1997 ; ) , this will besides assist pupils who have a hapless on the job memory ( Kutscher, 2000 ) . All lessons should do usage of ocular, audile and kinesthetic procedure and should affect job work outing undertakings in the bulk of lessons. Alistair Smith ( 2010 ) at his recent Learn2Learn conference stated that it is indispensable for resiliency and job work outing accomplishments to be taught for scholars to do advancement. The manner the instruction system is come oning it will assist AD ( H ) D scholars to internalize the procedures needed to work out jobs and they will non hold a â€Å" meltdown†¦ when the demands on the kid † go excessively much from the undertaking ( Kutscher 2000, pp75 ) In my maths lesson there is a pupil who has a doodle tablet. This pad enables him to pull whilst I am explicating a construct at the board. It was suggested by The SENCO in order to cut down the distractions from others. I have found that concentration and work load has improved since he has had this doodle tablet and he is doing first-class advancement in lesson. However, during an observation, this was deemed an unsatisfactory lesson as I allowed this pupil to doodle. even though he answered my inquiries right every bit shortly as he was questioned. Even though the school does do sensible accommodations for pupils with barriers to larning such as AD ( H ) D sometimes the pupils single demands are non taken into history and it is what the lesson expressions like from the exterior that is of import ( for illustration, everyone with their caputs up focussed on what I am stating ) . This essay has highlighted the ways in which my workplace has tried to do sensible accommodations for pupils with AD ( H ) D. In fact, the school has gone above the basic recommendations and made the school environment an inclusive and welcoming environment for all pupils. Longer lessons have reduced the anxiousness and tensenesss. The unvarying attack of all staff members in their instruction has set clear outlooks in behavior and a solid modus operandi has been set with lessons holding the same format ( lumping to prosecute pupils ) . If farther research was to be conducted on the accommodations the school has made to suit AD ( H ) D pupils I would measure the choler direction Sessionss and the societal accomplishments developing to see how effectual these can be. In researching for this essay it has made me gain how antic the Additional demands section are and how much support they offer the pupils, parents and instructors. The observations of lessons has gave me an penetration into the battles AD ( H ) D pupils have to bear and it has helped me better my learning manner by including the usage of doodle tablets and wages cards for pupils to emphasis desirable behaviors.

“No Sugar” by Jack Davis Essay

The stage drama No Sugar, by Jack Davis explores the bad treatment of minority groups and their responses to this treatment. The performance set in the 1930’s presents the Milimurra family who are the minority group fighting against the injustices inflicted on them by white authorities. No Sugar provides a voice for the aboriginal people, confronts European Australians with the past, restores Aboriginal culture and pride and explored the value of equality. All these ideas are used as a way to convey its message to the audience. It appears that the stage performance of No Sugar provides the Aboriginal people with the voice they have lived without for decades. The Milimurra family are used in the play to represent the voice of the Aboriginal people who stand up against white authority. Milly and Gran who refuse to give in without a fight, go to the Sergeant and confront him about the reasons why their rations have been cut, and push for him to provide them with blankets. Characters such as Topsy and Billy are representations of those Aborigines who did not fight for their rights. These characters bowed down to white authority, Billy who does not speak his own language, but broken English is happy to work for the white authorities tracking down members of his own race who escape their clutches. Milly’s response to the Sergeant when he tells her that her problem is she has three grown men budging off her, who are too lazy to work, is by asking him â€Å"Where they gonna get work?† she asks the Sergeant â€Å"Do you want em to work for nothing?† and Gran backs her up by saying â€Å"Their not slaves you know Chargent!† The staging is also used as an added technique to provide the aboriginal people with a voice, the white colonies are positioned on the outskirts of the stage and the Aborigines are given center stage, as a means to respond to their mistreatment in Australian society so many years ago. No Sugar also confronts the European Australians with the past, the truth about the treatment of Aborigines and the injustices committed against them. Mary Dargaru exposes the treatment of Aboriginal women to the audience, through her conversations with Joe and her fears of working for Mr. Neal at the hospital. She tells Joe that when Mr. Neal asks a girl to work at the hospital it means he wants that girl for himself. The audience also learns  through Mary that this is a common tragedy faced by Aboriginal girls at the time. After the birth of her child Mary is fearful that Matron will take her child away and provide it with the same fate as her friend Lillian’s baby, who was buried in the pine plantation. In order to escape these injustices Joe and Mary run away to Northam, when caught and returned to the Moore River Settlement, Mary responds by refusing to work at the hospital. Mary’s response gives her the desired outcome she wanted, but at a cost, Mr. Neal beats h er, but not before Mary tells him â€Å"Go to hell.† The stage performance restores the Aboriginal people with their pride and culture which were stolen from them so many years ago. Jimmy in Act one reveals the resentment the aboriginal people feel towards the whites. When Joe reads the newspaper article about the Australia Day celebration, Jimmy responds by saying â€Å"them bastards took our country and them blackfellas dancing for em bastards.† Later in the play the males of the Milimurra family engage in a Carobaree, this shows that they are not prepared to give in to the white authorities and allow them to take their culture and identity without a fight. The aboriginal people also use their own language throughout the play, indication to the audience their perseverance and determination not to give in. The stage performance of No Sugar greatly explores the value of equality, presenting a contrast to the ideal equal world, and conveying the injustices and inequalities faced by the aboriginal people. It shows how the unemployment allowance for aboriginals was 2 shillings, whilst everyone else received 6 shillings. Use of props is also an affective medium in portraying certain inequalities, for example the sign for the Aboriginal department reads â€Å"The department of fisheries, wildlife and Aborigines†, this department also has two separate entrances, one for Aboriginals and one for Europeans. The Aboriginal people are not even allowed to consume alcohol. Jimmy responds to these inequalities, by ignoring the signs and goes to talk to Neville when told to wait around the back he refuses to budge and waits until they give the train ticket he wants. Jimmy also chooses to ignore the alcohol restrictions. In doing so he is put on trial which arouses another injustice. His trial is not a fair one and the Justice of the Peace conveys  the attitude that he would rather be somewhere else. Jimmy does not stop, he responds to further injustices in the courtroom by talking out of turn and attempting to defend himself, he also turns up late to the trial showing that he is not intimidated by white authority. The stage performance of No Sugar presents the Aboriginal people as they were treated in the 1930’s they are presented as being an inferior race and this is an accurate representation of their treatment during this time period. The performance conveys the groups responses to their poor treatment and is used as a means to finally give these people their much deserved voice, confronting Australian with the horrible truth of the past, restoring culture and pride to the Aboriginal people and exploring the value of equality.

Protect Our Mother Nature

PROTECT OUR MOTHER NATURE Repeatedly in history, conceptions of nature have served as ideological justifications for political theory. The most obvious example is the Hobbesian state of nature against which even the most oppressive government appears perfectly legitimate. Whereas in most cases of political theory, nature looks like an incompetent savage or unreliable tramp, some anarchist lines of argument instead offer versions of nature as infinite, loving, or otherwise better than the artifices to which it is implicitly opposed.Whether for or against nature, depictions of the natural world in political theory consider it in cultural units of meaning, a combination of icons and stereotypes that change not only our understanding of nature, but also of the units of meaning being referenced. In the early twentieth century journal Mother Earth, a construction of nature comes together, in a publication interested mostly in anarchist and feminist goals, that worshipped nature as a huge, consuming, feminine super being.Certain traits in the construction of nature in this journal form an account of nature as a particular type of femininity to be admired, a move laden both with direct strategic value and creeping implications for the idealizations of womanhood. In order to establish the desirability of the journal’s goal of a world without artificial systems of control, the opposition of nature and artifice is a crucial first step. While it may seem tempting to define these terms, this neglects the primary function of both as catchalls with nebulous referents and amorphous structure defined only by their opposition to one another.The process of dividing the categories begins in the very first issue of the publication, in the foundational article †Mother Earth†. The article mythologizes that â€Å"Man issued from the womb of Mother Earth †¦ out of his efforts there arose the dreary doctrine that he was not related to the Earth, that she was but a temporary resting place for his scornful feet and that she held nothing for him but temptation to degrade himself. † This creation story of the present political situation clearly opposes the natural, which was original, to the artificial, which is only an egoistic and recent edifice.Nature as mother, of course, means artifice must be opposed, and thus becomes child, making the entirety of the anarchist argument parallel to motherly chastisement. In the same issue, â€Å"Without Government† bemoans government solutions as inevitably late and insubstantial, suggesting an analogy with illness where â€Å"the symptom of the disease was hidden† and only on its appearance would the government act. In this metaphor, artificial solutions to the world’s problems are only attacks on a flurry of symptoms as they slowly manifest themselves in increasingly visible ways, thus the profound animosity the journal expresses towards ‘Comstockery’.Regulation of sexuality becomes a direct example of the child trying to limit what mother had given to her children. Volume three number five offers an analogy for group resistance of bees on a tree branch, â€Å"it is only needful that one bee spread its wings, rise and fly, and after it the second, the third, the tenth, the hundredth, for the immobile hanging mass to become a freely flying swarm of bees. † The writing makes humans already bees in a thoroughly naturalized world upon which systems of domination such as the state and religion have only been imposed in a superficial sense.All we need to do, in this account, is realize the situation, and spread our wingsto fly back into an expansive and beautiful nature. This fetishization of nature provides a clear contrast between the world of that which the anarchafeminist politics of the publication oppose and the ‘real’ world of nature that underlies and surrounds the injustices of artificial living. The question then bec omes, in order to prove the insufficiency and downright failures of artifice by comparison, what is the character of nature? To begin with, nature is big.In the first issue’s article â€Å"Mother Earth†, the history of the world seems laid out in a quasi-mythical tale. â€Å"Earth was but one of a myriad of stars floating in infinite space. † The whole of the universe, with which nature remains implicitly identified, exceeds our abilities to measure, let alone comprehend – a myriad in infinity. Even in this cosmic understanding, that which is natural and surrounded is still itself huge. In an article in the first issue called â€Å"Try Love†, the argument concludes, â€Å"Let us be broad and big. Let us not overlook vital things, because of the bulk of trifles confronting us. The natural is large; problems from artifice can be numerous, but each is only of trifling size – thousands of children surrounding one huge mother. Beyond being large to begin with, the maniacal focus in the publication on freeing nature and being freed into nature also revolves around a hope for future growth. As if ‘we’ were already failing to be â€Å"broad and big† enough, â€Å"The Tragedy of Women’s Emancipation† proclaims: â€Å"Salvation lies in an energetic march onwards towards a brighter and clearer future. We are in need of unhampered growth out of old traditions and habits† as if nature and life in nature knew no limits.The image is of not just a sprouting weed, but a whole forest growing out of a street. This rhetorical strategy of associating the concept of nature so crucial to driving the arguments of the journal with hugeness seems strangely sympathetic with and to industrializing urges of the time. The conflict between the temptations of big machines with big outputs and direct material gain versus little anarchic communities with little to offer but some vague sense of satisfaction can finally be resolved in an anarchy run by a big nature figure, a loving cow mother replaces the cruel leviathan father.This solution gives all the benefits and reassurance of something so-big-it-must-work and avoids all the downfalls readers would consider so endemic to ‘modernization’ . Beyond simple scale, nature is inescapable. While a big nature appeals to childlike demand for an oversized mother who will ensure safety and grant all desires, the journal also shows nature as generally inevitable. Relying on one of many references to scientific certainty, â€Å"Liberty†, in the second volume, issue number three, reminds us: â€Å"the natural law of a social organism is as certain as, though less known than, the force of gravity.Like the latter it antedates, and is independent of, our knowledge of its existence, or of the law of its operation. † The natural law, suggesting the order inherent in ‘free’ ways of life, does not even need to be pro ven preferable to artificial laws so long as it is inevitable, the rhetoric suggests. No matter how much one tries to fight it, they can only impede the natural order of things, but never change it. Indeed, this sentiment, in argument form, makes up the bulk of the rest of the article. The natural law not only frames what is and is not tyranny, but even ‘proves’ the futility of passing any laws through the government.And men, brought up in law-abiding communities in the deepest respect for the law, will, under the changed conditions of life, not merely condone the infliction of a penalty in excess of that provided by law, but will themselves assist, virtuously satisfied with their conduct because the society of which they form a part has decided that horse-stealing shall be so punished. On the other hand, there are numerous laws on the statute books, still unrepealed and unenforceable because the acts treated of are no longer held to be offences against morality.In othe r words, the morals of a people can be regulated only by themselves. The trick is very simple, if a law is natural there is no reason to legislate about it, and if it is not natural no one will obey it. The rhetorical construction of nature as unavoidable already renders artifice more than avoidable – it is always already avoided. Rhetorical implications become argument: it would be impossible to describe any part of government’s power as belonging to government itself, because people only act based on nature. The closest government comes to legislation in this model is to prescribe behavior people already exhibit.The gist of this construction of nature is most clear in the case of a poem in volume three, number two entitled â€Å"The King†. In it, a dead king rots in nature, covered in lizards and â€Å"vile spineless things†, literally consumed by the overpowering feminine in his afterlife. â€Å"Faith lit his pathway with her loveliness; / Fair Hopeâ €™s voice called him from his barren fen; Love vainly strove to lure him with her grace. † As a feminine entity, nature is here the omnipresent mother, she tracks down her children and is always there for them to return to.Inescapable nature not only sets up a comparison in which government and artifice can never win, but simultaneously constructs the role of a feminine presence that is ineradicable and impossible to resist. The good mother must be always present and forever accepting of even her most lost children. Also, nature has youthful beauty. In the first issue of Mother Earth, the flagship article explains the history of nature in terms that make Earth unmistakably a young mother, â€Å"she renewed herself, the good mother, and came again each Spring, radiant with youthful beauty, beckoning her children to come to her bosom and partake of her bounty. Nature’s youth not only implies a relative trait against which all human-made construction can never appear more – almost sexually – attractive. The attempt to make nature look nice is nowhere so transparent as in this attempt to cast it as actually young and beautiful. Indeed, even its temporary failings can be excused by Earth’s renewal each spring. If some part of nature is dangerous or undesirable, it will soon be corrected in the regular course of the seasons. In volume five, number six, â€Å"The Esthetic Side of Jewtown† explains,Life is too strenuous in Jewtown to preserve the bloom of youth. Among the younger ones there are some who are very beautiful beneath their coating of filth, with the clove skin and large, soft, black eyes. They give themselves a coquettish appearance. The truly horrid part of life in the Ghetto, we learn, is that it covers or takes away the natural beauty of women. Artifice cannot destroy nature, because nature is big and inescapable, but it can blemish its beauty temporarily.This identification of nature with youth and beauty combined with the opposition of nature and the state sell anarchism almost exactly the way one might sell diet soda: government is actually too ugly to appreciate, gorgeous young women prefer anarchy. In classic advertising style, Mother Earth also describes nature as saturated with love. In the first issue, when describing a budding relationship crushed by the coldness of artifice and modern living, â€Å"The Tragedy of Women’s Emancipation† explains that â€Å"poetry and the enthusiasm of love cover their blushing faces before the pure beauty of the lady. Her admirer] silences the voice of his nature and remains correct. † The article condemns his correctitude as exactly the basic problem of modern living – its disconnect from love and contact. Tragically, the beauty of the lady, just as that of the kindly mother Earth, has been tainted to block the â€Å"poetry† and â€Å"enthusiasm of love† the article considers natural. In contrast to t he authentic state of love the various ‘systems’ of which anarchism complains give us poor simulations of affection: marriage and the nuclear family.In volume 3, number five, the article â€Å"Light and Shadows in the Life of an Avant-Gard†, we learn The poor women, thousands of them, abused, insulted, and outraged by their precious husbands, must continue a life of degradation. They have no money to join the colony in Reno. No relief for them. The poor women, the slaves of the slaves, must go on prostituting themselves. They must continue to bear children in hate, in conflict, in physical horror. The marriage institution and the â€Å"sanctity of the home† are only for those who have not the money to buy themselves free from both, even as the chattel slave from his master.Nature offers real love, civilization offers a slavery titled love. These stark terms of opposition function to set up an understanding of a loving motherly nature that makes it obviousl y superior to the uncaring childlike cruelties that comprise the artificial world. As is often thought, nature is also connected with freedom. It is quite arbitrary to say that those things to which a life in ‘nature’ is conducive represent the content of freedom. For instance, in nature one is not free to vote or go to work, and yet this is considered irrelevant to questions of liberty.In volume two, number three, of Mother Earth, the article â€Å"Liberty† proclaims that â€Å"whatever may be the form of social institutions, if it does no more than to declare and enforce well-known rules of natural justice, then I am free. † The simplistic opposition between the compromises of ‘artificial’ life and the freedom of nature is best exemplified in the pithy quote â€Å"Liberty escaped into the wilderness† from the journal’s founding article. This unbounded freedom seems excessively unrealistic as a description of a mother, and yet i t is precisely the freedom that mothers lacked that the journal constructs nature as having in spades.At the same time, the infinite youth, beauty, and inescapable freedom in and of nature primarily complement its fundamentally orderly state. Perhaps in one of the most bizarre fixations of anarchist literature, the journal seems careful to point out the extreme orderliness of life in anarchy. In this kind of reconciliation of total freedom and total justice one can actually see the neurosis of liberalism tentatively suggest what it most wishes simply come true: good freedom and good order. The very first issue, in the rticle â€Å"Without Government† we are told that, there are qualities present in man, which permit the possibilities of social life, organization, and co-operative work without the application of force. Such qualities are solidarity, common action, and love of justice. To-day they are either crippled [sic] or made ineffective through the influence of compulsion ; they can hardly be fully unfolded in a society in which groups, classes, and individuals are placed in hostile, irreconcilable opposition to one anotherAgain, like an orderly housewife, nature maintains a world that works, but without even so much as a broom. Instead, nature works through qualities always already present in people, as natural beings. It is through this sort of argument that anarchism can define government into such a position that it doesn’t even make sense to consider, having already had all its greatest advantages stolen over to the side of nature. Simultaneously, nature’s great assets will be willingly sacrificed to her children in cheerful martyrdom.Like the constructed role of a ‘good mother’, nature â€Å"sees the bleeding feet of her children †¦ hears their moans, and she is ever calling to them that she is theirs† beginning in the founding article of Mother Earth. The article continues to encourage the exploitation of nature because nature is asking for it, here with increasingly vivid maternal imagery. Mother Earth keeps sources of vast wealth hidden within the folds of her ample bosom, extended her inviting and hospitable arms to all those who came to her from arbitrary and despotic lands–Mother Earth ready to give herself alike to all her children.But soon she was seized by the few, stripped of her freedom, fenced in, a prey to those who were endowed with cunning and unscrupulous shrewdness. The rapaciousness of artifice and modern civilization becomes its primary characteristic when put in the terms of a kindly mother fallen prey to vicious quasi-Oedipal domination. Here, again, the journal’s construction of nature as feminine serves the direct political function of discrediting political opponents such as the state, capitalism, and religion.However, the indirect effect of such a construction may be more historically significant, as the natural world becomes increasingly femini zed in particular ways. It is impossible to simply associate nature with feminine, because there is too much to each category. Here the generality is retained on the term of nature – to the degree that it’s distinction from artifice can be kept plausible – and specificity is given to the feminine. Mothers should, in this account, sacrifice everything to their children, no matter how abusive they may be to her.Indeed, every praised trait of Mother Earth is a thinly veiled suggestion for mothers to fulfill. That Mother Earth is huge, inescapable, free and orderly says, at some level, that all good mothers are this way. Thus we end with a political theory laid out in Mother Earth that various artificial systems are bad because they are inferior to a young, beautiful martyr of an omnipresent loving mother who provides both freedom and order.In conclusion, the journal Mother Earth deployed rhetoric in various forms to craft a particular feminine version of nature tha t explicitly worked to delegitimize particular systems of oppression and implicitly functioned to worship an ideal maternal version of womanhood. The journal’s preoccupation with issues of concern to women, such as marriage, prostitution, birth control, and sexuality coincided with its normalizing urge to encounter (some) people as children of nature who could frolic freely within the limitless provisions of their mother’s great world.However, there are actually two possible roles for a subject here, children or mother herself. Politics and men immediately appear infantilized against the mother of nature, supplying a ready-made excuse and index for predicting their actions as irresponsible yet lovable children, but for many women Mother Earth was not their mother, but to be their role model.Nature was a mother whose private sphere expanded to one large planetary home and material limitations in age and restriction were erased by scientific appeal (and pure fiat) to ren der life in nature simultaneously completely free and problem-free. As a solution to the troubles of political theory, the journal instead invented a superhero character to replace the tired images of a drudging, used up, and insensitive nature with a glossy new young, beautiful cover girl – Mother Earth. Protect Our Mother Nature PROTECT OUR MOTHER NATURE Repeatedly in history, conceptions of nature have served as ideological justifications for political theory. The most obvious example is the Hobbesian state of nature against which even the most oppressive government appears perfectly legitimate. Whereas in most cases of political theory, nature looks like an incompetent savage or unreliable tramp, some anarchist lines of argument instead offer versions of nature as infinite, loving, or otherwise better than the artifices to which it is implicitly opposed.Whether for or against nature, depictions of the natural world in political theory consider it in cultural units of meaning, a combination of icons and stereotypes that change not only our understanding of nature, but also of the units of meaning being referenced. In the early twentieth century journal Mother Earth, a construction of nature comes together, in a publication interested mostly in anarchist and feminist goals, that worshipped nature as a huge, consuming, feminine super being.Certain traits in the construction of nature in this journal form an account of nature as a particular type of femininity to be admired, a move laden both with direct strategic value and creeping implications for the idealizations of womanhood. In order to establish the desirability of the journal’s goal of a world without artificial systems of control, the opposition of nature and artifice is a crucial first step. While it may seem tempting to define these terms, this neglects the primary function of both as catchalls with nebulous referents and amorphous structure defined only by their opposition to one another.The process of dividing the categories begins in the very first issue of the publication, in the foundational article †Mother Earth†. The article mythologizes that â€Å"Man issued from the womb of Mother Earth †¦ out of his efforts there arose the dreary doctrine that he was not related to the Earth, that she was but a temporary resting place for his scornful feet and that she held nothing for him but temptation to degrade himself. † This creation story of the present political situation clearly opposes the natural, which was original, to the artificial, which is only an egoistic and recent edifice.Nature as mother, of course, means artifice must be opposed, and thus becomes child, making the entirety of the anarchist argument parallel to motherly chastisement. In the same issue, â€Å"Without Government† bemoans government solutions as inevitably late and insubstantial, suggesting an analogy with illness where â€Å"the symptom of the disease was hidden† and only on its appearance would the government act. In this metaphor, artificial solutions to the world’s problems are only attacks on a flurry of symptoms as they slowly manifest themselves in increasingly visible ways, thus the profound animosity the journal expresses towards ‘Comstockery’.Regulation of sexuality becomes a direct example of the child trying to limit what mother had given to her children. Volume three number five offers an analogy for group resistance of bees on a tree branch, â€Å"it is only needful that one bee spread its wings, rise and fly, and after it the second, the third, the tenth, the hundredth, for the immobile hanging mass to become a freely flying swarm of bees. † The writing makes humans already bees in a thoroughly naturalized world upon which systems of domination such as the state and religion have only been imposed in a superficial sense.All we need to do, in this account, is realize the situation, and spread our wingsto fly back into an expansive and beautiful nature. This fetishization of nature provides a clear contrast between the world of that which the anarchafeminist politics of the publication oppose and the ‘real’ world of nature that underlies and surrounds the injustices of artificial living. The question then bec omes, in order to prove the insufficiency and downright failures of artifice by comparison, what is the character of nature? To begin with, nature is big.In the first issue’s article â€Å"Mother Earth†, the history of the world seems laid out in a quasi-mythical tale. â€Å"Earth was but one of a myriad of stars floating in infinite space. † The whole of the universe, with which nature remains implicitly identified, exceeds our abilities to measure, let alone comprehend – a myriad in infinity. Even in this cosmic understanding, that which is natural and surrounded is still itself huge. In an article in the first issue called â€Å"Try Love†, the argument concludes, â€Å"Let us be broad and big. Let us not overlook vital things, because of the bulk of trifles confronting us. The natural is large; problems from artifice can be numerous, but each is only of trifling size – thousands of children surrounding one huge mother. Beyond being large to begin with, the maniacal focus in the publication on freeing nature and being freed into nature also revolves around a hope for future growth. As if ‘we’ were already failing to be â€Å"broad and big† enough, â€Å"The Tragedy of Women’s Emancipation† proclaims: â€Å"Salvation lies in an energetic march onwards towards a brighter and clearer future. We are in need of unhampered growth out of old traditions and habits† as if nature and life in nature knew no limits.The image is of not just a sprouting weed, but a whole forest growing out of a street. This rhetorical strategy of associating the concept of nature so crucial to driving the arguments of the journal with hugeness seems strangely sympathetic with and to industrializing urges of the time. The conflict between the temptations of big machines with big outputs and direct material gain versus little anarchic communities with little to offer but some vague sense of satisfaction can finally be resolved in an anarchy run by a big nature figure, a loving cow mother replaces the cruel leviathan father.This solution gives all the benefits and reassurance of something so-big-it-must-work and avoids all the downfalls readers would consider so endemic to ‘modernization’ . Beyond simple scale, nature is inescapable. While a big nature appeals to childlike demand for an oversized mother who will ensure safety and grant all desires, the journal also shows nature as generally inevitable. Relying on one of many references to scientific certainty, â€Å"Liberty†, in the second volume, issue number three, reminds us: â€Å"the natural law of a social organism is as certain as, though less known than, the force of gravity.Like the latter it antedates, and is independent of, our knowledge of its existence, or of the law of its operation. † The natural law, suggesting the order inherent in ‘free’ ways of life, does not even need to be pro ven preferable to artificial laws so long as it is inevitable, the rhetoric suggests. No matter how much one tries to fight it, they can only impede the natural order of things, but never change it. Indeed, this sentiment, in argument form, makes up the bulk of the rest of the article. The natural law not only frames what is and is not tyranny, but even ‘proves’ the futility of passing any laws through the government.And men, brought up in law-abiding communities in the deepest respect for the law, will, under the changed conditions of life, not merely condone the infliction of a penalty in excess of that provided by law, but will themselves assist, virtuously satisfied with their conduct because the society of which they form a part has decided that horse-stealing shall be so punished. On the other hand, there are numerous laws on the statute books, still unrepealed and unenforceable because the acts treated of are no longer held to be offences against morality.In othe r words, the morals of a people can be regulated only by themselves. The trick is very simple, if a law is natural there is no reason to legislate about it, and if it is not natural no one will obey it. The rhetorical construction of nature as unavoidable already renders artifice more than avoidable – it is always already avoided. Rhetorical implications become argument: it would be impossible to describe any part of government’s power as belonging to government itself, because people only act based on nature. The closest government comes to legislation in this model is to prescribe behavior people already exhibit.The gist of this construction of nature is most clear in the case of a poem in volume three, number two entitled â€Å"The King†. In it, a dead king rots in nature, covered in lizards and â€Å"vile spineless things†, literally consumed by the overpowering feminine in his afterlife. â€Å"Faith lit his pathway with her loveliness; / Fair Hopeâ €™s voice called him from his barren fen; Love vainly strove to lure him with her grace. † As a feminine entity, nature is here the omnipresent mother, she tracks down her children and is always there for them to return to.Inescapable nature not only sets up a comparison in which government and artifice can never win, but simultaneously constructs the role of a feminine presence that is ineradicable and impossible to resist. The good mother must be always present and forever accepting of even her most lost children. Also, nature has youthful beauty. In the first issue of Mother Earth, the flagship article explains the history of nature in terms that make Earth unmistakably a young mother, â€Å"she renewed herself, the good mother, and came again each Spring, radiant with youthful beauty, beckoning her children to come to her bosom and partake of her bounty. Nature’s youth not only implies a relative trait against which all human-made construction can never appear more – almost sexually – attractive. The attempt to make nature look nice is nowhere so transparent as in this attempt to cast it as actually young and beautiful. Indeed, even its temporary failings can be excused by Earth’s renewal each spring. If some part of nature is dangerous or undesirable, it will soon be corrected in the regular course of the seasons. In volume five, number six, â€Å"The Esthetic Side of Jewtown† explains,Life is too strenuous in Jewtown to preserve the bloom of youth. Among the younger ones there are some who are very beautiful beneath their coating of filth, with the clove skin and large, soft, black eyes. They give themselves a coquettish appearance. The truly horrid part of life in the Ghetto, we learn, is that it covers or takes away the natural beauty of women. Artifice cannot destroy nature, because nature is big and inescapable, but it can blemish its beauty temporarily.This identification of nature with youth and beauty combined with the opposition of nature and the state sell anarchism almost exactly the way one might sell diet soda: government is actually too ugly to appreciate, gorgeous young women prefer anarchy. In classic advertising style, Mother Earth also describes nature as saturated with love. In the first issue, when describing a budding relationship crushed by the coldness of artifice and modern living, â€Å"The Tragedy of Women’s Emancipation† explains that â€Å"poetry and the enthusiasm of love cover their blushing faces before the pure beauty of the lady. Her admirer] silences the voice of his nature and remains correct. † The article condemns his correctitude as exactly the basic problem of modern living – its disconnect from love and contact. Tragically, the beauty of the lady, just as that of the kindly mother Earth, has been tainted to block the â€Å"poetry† and â€Å"enthusiasm of love† the article considers natural. In contrast to t he authentic state of love the various ‘systems’ of which anarchism complains give us poor simulations of affection: marriage and the nuclear family.In volume 3, number five, the article â€Å"Light and Shadows in the Life of an Avant-Gard†, we learn The poor women, thousands of them, abused, insulted, and outraged by their precious husbands, must continue a life of degradation. They have no money to join the colony in Reno. No relief for them. The poor women, the slaves of the slaves, must go on prostituting themselves. They must continue to bear children in hate, in conflict, in physical horror. The marriage institution and the â€Å"sanctity of the home† are only for those who have not the money to buy themselves free from both, even as the chattel slave from his master.Nature offers real love, civilization offers a slavery titled love. These stark terms of opposition function to set up an understanding of a loving motherly nature that makes it obviousl y superior to the uncaring childlike cruelties that comprise the artificial world. As is often thought, nature is also connected with freedom. It is quite arbitrary to say that those things to which a life in ‘nature’ is conducive represent the content of freedom. For instance, in nature one is not free to vote or go to work, and yet this is considered irrelevant to questions of liberty.In volume two, number three, of Mother Earth, the article â€Å"Liberty† proclaims that â€Å"whatever may be the form of social institutions, if it does no more than to declare and enforce well-known rules of natural justice, then I am free. † The simplistic opposition between the compromises of ‘artificial’ life and the freedom of nature is best exemplified in the pithy quote â€Å"Liberty escaped into the wilderness† from the journal’s founding article. This unbounded freedom seems excessively unrealistic as a description of a mother, and yet i t is precisely the freedom that mothers lacked that the journal constructs nature as having in spades.At the same time, the infinite youth, beauty, and inescapable freedom in and of nature primarily complement its fundamentally orderly state. Perhaps in one of the most bizarre fixations of anarchist literature, the journal seems careful to point out the extreme orderliness of life in anarchy. In this kind of reconciliation of total freedom and total justice one can actually see the neurosis of liberalism tentatively suggest what it most wishes simply come true: good freedom and good order. The very first issue, in the rticle â€Å"Without Government† we are told that, there are qualities present in man, which permit the possibilities of social life, organization, and co-operative work without the application of force. Such qualities are solidarity, common action, and love of justice. To-day they are either crippled [sic] or made ineffective through the influence of compulsion ; they can hardly be fully unfolded in a society in which groups, classes, and individuals are placed in hostile, irreconcilable opposition to one anotherAgain, like an orderly housewife, nature maintains a world that works, but without even so much as a broom. Instead, nature works through qualities always already present in people, as natural beings. It is through this sort of argument that anarchism can define government into such a position that it doesn’t even make sense to consider, having already had all its greatest advantages stolen over to the side of nature. Simultaneously, nature’s great assets will be willingly sacrificed to her children in cheerful martyrdom.Like the constructed role of a ‘good mother’, nature â€Å"sees the bleeding feet of her children †¦ hears their moans, and she is ever calling to them that she is theirs† beginning in the founding article of Mother Earth. The article continues to encourage the exploitation of nature because nature is asking for it, here with increasingly vivid maternal imagery. Mother Earth keeps sources of vast wealth hidden within the folds of her ample bosom, extended her inviting and hospitable arms to all those who came to her from arbitrary and despotic lands–Mother Earth ready to give herself alike to all her children.But soon she was seized by the few, stripped of her freedom, fenced in, a prey to those who were endowed with cunning and unscrupulous shrewdness. The rapaciousness of artifice and modern civilization becomes its primary characteristic when put in the terms of a kindly mother fallen prey to vicious quasi-Oedipal domination. Here, again, the journal’s construction of nature as feminine serves the direct political function of discrediting political opponents such as the state, capitalism, and religion.However, the indirect effect of such a construction may be more historically significant, as the natural world becomes increasingly femini zed in particular ways. It is impossible to simply associate nature with feminine, because there is too much to each category. Here the generality is retained on the term of nature – to the degree that it’s distinction from artifice can be kept plausible – and specificity is given to the feminine. Mothers should, in this account, sacrifice everything to their children, no matter how abusive they may be to her.Indeed, every praised trait of Mother Earth is a thinly veiled suggestion for mothers to fulfill. That Mother Earth is huge, inescapable, free and orderly says, at some level, that all good mothers are this way. Thus we end with a political theory laid out in Mother Earth that various artificial systems are bad because they are inferior to a young, beautiful martyr of an omnipresent loving mother who provides both freedom and order.In conclusion, the journal Mother Earth deployed rhetoric in various forms to craft a particular feminine version of nature tha t explicitly worked to delegitimize particular systems of oppression and implicitly functioned to worship an ideal maternal version of womanhood. The journal’s preoccupation with issues of concern to women, such as marriage, prostitution, birth control, and sexuality coincided with its normalizing urge to encounter (some) people as children of nature who could frolic freely within the limitless provisions of their mother’s great world.However, there are actually two possible roles for a subject here, children or mother herself. Politics and men immediately appear infantilized against the mother of nature, supplying a ready-made excuse and index for predicting their actions as irresponsible yet lovable children, but for many women Mother Earth was not their mother, but to be their role model.Nature was a mother whose private sphere expanded to one large planetary home and material limitations in age and restriction were erased by scientific appeal (and pure fiat) to ren der life in nature simultaneously completely free and problem-free. As a solution to the troubles of political theory, the journal instead invented a superhero character to replace the tired images of a drudging, used up, and insensitive nature with a glossy new young, beautiful cover girl – Mother Earth.